The .40-65 Winchester cartridge, introduced in the mid-1880s, is a black powder cartridge originally developed for the Winchester Model 1886 lever-action rifle. It features a .40 caliber (0.406 inches) bullet with a case length of 2.1 inches. Designed for both hunting and target shooting, the .40-65 is suitable for taking down medium to large game such as deer and elk.
Though it was initially loaded with black powder, modern renditions often use smokeless powder for improved performance and reduced fouling. The cartridge enjoys a niche popularity among enthusiasts of historical firearms and black powder cartridge shooting competitions.
For handloaders, the .40-65 Winchester allows flexibility in bullet weights and powder types, making it adaptable to various shooting requirements. However, factory ammunition may be relatively scarce, leading many users to reload their own cartridges.
Overall, the .40-65 Winchester is prized for its combination of historical significance, moderate recoil, and sufficient power for hunting.