The .38-70 Winchester cartridge was introduced in the late 19th century by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company. It is a centerfire rifle round primarily designed for hunting medium to large game. The .38-70 Winchester typically features a bullet diameter of approximately .377 to .379 inches and a case length of about 2.40 inches.
This cartridge was generally chambered in single-shot and lever-action rifles, particularly the Winchester Model 1886. The .38-70 Winchester offered a good balance of power and manageable recoil, making it suitable for North American game like deer and black bear.
However, it is considered an obsolete cartridge today and is mainly of interest to collectors and enthusiasts of antique rifles. Reloading components and assembled ammunition can still be found through specialized suppliers, but it is not commonly available on the commercial market.