The .338 Federal is a rifle cartridge developed by Federal Cartridge and Sako in 2006. It is based on the .308 Winchester case necked up to accept .338 caliber (8.6 mm) bullets. This cartridge offers a good balance between recoil and power, providing improved long-range ballistic performance compared to its parent .308 Winchester.
The .338 Federal is suitable for hunting medium to large game, such as deer, elk, and black bear, due to its ability to deliver high energy while maintaining manageable recoil. Its effective range is generally up to 500 yards, though its optimal range varies based on the specific ammunition load used.
The cartridge is appreciated for its versatility and effectiveness in North American hunting, and it is also used in some tactical applications. Its increased bullet diameter compared to the .308 Winchester allows for greater impact energy and improved terminal ballistics. Its relatively wide availability and the diverse range of bullet types contribute to its popularity among hunters.