The .17 Hornet is a small-caliber, high-velocity cartridge designed for varmint and small game hunting. It was developed by Hornady, who introduced a modern version of the wildcat .17 Hornet. The cartridge is essentially a necked-down .22 Hornet case to accept a .17 caliber (4.5mm) bullet, typically weighing between 15.5 to 25 grains.
The .17 Hornet offers high velocity—exceeding 3,600 feet per second (fps)—and a flat trajectory, making it extremely effective for shooting small targets at long ranges, often exceeding 300 yards. Its high-speed and small bullet profile ensure minimal recoil, allowing for quick follow-up shots. Additionally, the reduced recoil and noise compared to larger varmint cartridges make it more pleasant to shoot for extended periods.
Common uses include controlling pest populations such as groundhogs, prairie dogs, and other small rodents. The precision and minimal damage to surrounding areas also make it a favorite among sport shooters where high accuracy is desired.
Overall, the .17 Hornet bridges the performance gap between the rimfire .17 HMR and the larger centerfire varmint cartridges, striking a balance between power, recoil, and range.